HTN medication 분류

Class	Common generic drug names	Compelling indications	Side effects	Warnings / notes
Thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic	Chlorthalidone Hydrochlorothiazide Indapamide Metolazone	Low EF	Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperuricemia, hypocalciuria, hyperglycemia, rash	May improved calcium balance in osteopenia / osteoporosis. Avoid if allergic to sulfa. May precipitate volume contraction.
Loop diuretic	Bumetanide Erhacrynic acid Furosemide Torsemide	Low EF	Hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, rash	Avoid if allergic to sulfa (escepts ethacynic acid). May precipitate volume contraction.
Potassium- sparing diuretic	Amiloride Triamterene	Rare etilogies of secondary hypertension (e.g., Liddle's syndrome)	Hyperkalemia	Useful in combination with other diuretic classes. Weak agents when used alone.
ACE inhibitor	Benazepril Captopril Enalapril Lisinopril Quinapril Ramipril	Post-MI, low EF,  proteinuric CKD	Cough, hyperkalemia, increased SCr	Risk of angioedema. Contraindicated in pregnancy.
ARB	Candesartan Irbesartan Losartan Olmesartan Telmisartan Valsartan	Post-MI, low EF, proteinuric CKD	Hyperkalemia, increased SCr	Alternative to ACE inhibitor. Less risk of angio edema. Contraindicasted in pregnancy.
MRA	Eplerenone Spironolactone	Primary aldosteronism, low EF, proteinuric CKD	Hyperkalemia, increased SCr, irregular menses, gynecomastia	Estrogenic effects rare with eplerenone.
Calcium channel blocker	Amlodipine Diltiazem (non) Nifedipine Verapamil (non)	Atrial arrhythmia (non), Raynaud's syndrome	Edema, fatigue	Avoid in 2nd or 3rd degree heart block or heart failure (non)
Beta- blocker	Atenolol Carvedilol (alpha) Labetalol (alpha) Metoprolol Nebivolol	Angina, atrial arrhythmia, post-MI, low EF, hyperthyroidism	Bronchospasm, fatigue, depression, impotence	Avoid in 2nd or 3rd degree heart block.
Direct vasodilator	Hydralazine Minoxidil	Low EF (hydralazine plus nitrate as alternsative to ACE inhibitor / ARB)	Edema, flushing, hair growth (minoxidil)	Minoxidil may cause pericardial effusion with tamponade.